Counseling, Reflection, And Setting Goals - 1317 Words

In my first six sessions, it seemed to me the mindset of the counselor in the session is one of the tantamount elements in dictating the outcome of the client’s experience. The first session I experienced brought on nervousness and uncertainty which led to insecurity. However, the more time I spent listening to my client the more comfortable I became with the role of counselor. Such feelings of comfort brought with it the ability to be more self-aware and client focused in the session. When I was uncomfortable I asked confusing questions, focused too much on how I looked, and lost the ability to attend to my client. I believe I came into these sessions strong in my nonverbal skills and encouragers. Nevertheless, I struggled with focused counseling, reflection of emotions, and setting goals. Intentionality seems to be significant in the growth process; therefore, one of my first actions in response to these reflections will be to create a plan to address my opportunities for gr owth. The discomfort I experienced in my first couple of sessions stemmed from several different issues. Primarily, these feelings came from nerves. I have wanted to be an LPC for years, and being put in the role of actually counseling made me nervous I would not measure up. Moreover, I feared making the situation for my client worse because of something I would say or ask. Because of these feelings, I lacked professionalism at times during my first session. I laughed too often, and in inappropriateShow MoreRelatedReflection On Liberty Godparent Home1640 Words   |  7 PagesWritten Reflection: Family Life Services and Liberty Godparent Home As a student in the Social Work Field Exploration Course, I had the privilege to encounter an array of practice settings and glean wisdom from many social work professionals. Throughout these visits, one practice setting in particular peeked my interest: The Liberty Godparent Home (LGH) and Family Life Services (FLS). Though two distinct ministries, they work in tandem to facilitate the wellbeing of young mothers and adoptionRead MoreReflection Of Group Counseling Process And Mental Health Group Activities829 Words   |  4 PagesA Reflection of Group Counseling Process and Mental Health Group Activities One might say the best teachers are the ones who go over and beyond the call of duty to assist their children. This idea could especially be proven true given the factors that are affecting the social and academic capabilities of the students we teach on a daily basis. One emerging, yet commonly overlooked factor is mental health. Mental health is one of those issues seen to be taboo in schools but is becoming a widespreadRead MoreCounselling Reflection1203 Words   |  5 PagesRUNNING HEAD: Reflection on counseling 1 Reflection on counseling session recording Chua Ci Jie Introduction to Counselling James Cook University, Singapore Reflection on counseling Reflection on counseling Counseling is interpreted as a therapeutic practice of utilizing dialogue to assist clients in better understand and coping with their individual problems or health issues (Counseling, 2003). The individuality of the counselor has been extensively regarded as a vital tool in the provisionRead MoreCounseling Services For A Counselor1565 Words   |  7 Pagesmight need to decline to provide counseling services to some clients/students who request them. a) In what circumstances might this be appropriate and ethical and how should that process be handled by the counselor? b) When would it be unethical for a counselor to decline to provide services? Support each response with a minimum of 3 relevant ACA and/or ASCA codes and the textbook. a) There are several times that a counselor might need to decline to provide counseling services. If a counselor is notRead MoreToward Intentional Interviewing and Counseling1652 Words   |  7 PagesInterviewing and Counseling INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS THE â€Å"CORRECT† RESPONSE TO OFFER A CLIENT? * There are many potentially useful responses in any interviewing situation. * Reflecting the client’s emotions can be helpful. * Selecting one aspect to focus on can be useful, and then later you can examine other dimensions by asking an open question. * Our tasks: * Respect the client * Use appropriate skills and strategies * Seek to alleviate stress INTERVIEWING, COUNSELING, AND PSYCHOTHERAPYRead MoreFamily Systems Therapy925 Words   |  4 Pagesrepetitive, and having negative interactions based on goals that are unclear (Dreikurs, 1974). These negative interactions and patterns are a reflection of the way our society has changed in their family systems. In most cases the problems of any one family are common to all others in their social and ethnic community. Although much of Adlerian family therapy is conducted in private sessions, it has also been used in different group settings such as schools. Adlerian therapist believes that humanRead MorePersonal Reflection Paper On Counseling979 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Reflection Paper There are a number of historical theories in counseling, which have been used to assist clients during the counseling process. This week’s readings provided quite a few concepts from counseling theories which emerged around the mid-to-late twentieth century. These concepts come from the Adlerian therapy, reality therapy, and person-centered therapy. Within these therapies there were a few concepts that were valuable and interesting to me. Many coincided with my views onRead MoreTrends Principles Of The Counseling Profession1719 Words   |  7 PagesPrinciples of the Counseling Profession Self-reflection To be honest, before my first counseling session I thought that counseling would be easier that what it was; nonetheless, I learned very quickly otherwise. I believed that because I am an educator and encounter similar situations that may require particular skills such as encouraging, empathy, questioning and observation that I was going to have an advantage over acquiring and applying the rest of the skills needed for a complete counseling sessionRead MorePerson Centered Counseling Promotes Strong Relationships And Enhance Self Awareness Essay1310 Words   |  6 PagesPerson-centered counseling promotes strong relationships and enhance self-awareness. A relationship is created among the counselor and the client by encouraging unconditional positive regard, empathy, acceptance, and mutual respect for each other. The perception of the relationship is crucial because it creates a strong bond and a safe haven for the client. In addition, the client is able to self-explore by being ope n without the fear of judgment. Person-centered counseling teaches clients to selfRead MoreDiscrimination Model of Supervision1386 Words   |  6 Pages25, 2011 School counseling is a complex and demanding component of the counseling profession. With an increase of social and emotional stressors, children and youth of today face numerous challenges. These challenges ultimately affect children in school. With an increase of suicides, drug abuse, gang involvement, and violence amongst youth, a high demand for school counseling supervision is needed (Henderson, 1994). Parents and teachers often

Benefits Of Soft Drink Soft Drinks Essay - 1097 Words

Some good things about soft drinks are that some athletes choose to drink soft drinks to help them boost their energy when performing. Soda can also help with stomach distress or burping to help with bloating after performing over a long period of time. However, soft drinks can also be very unhealthy. One 12oz. can of coke can carry â€Å"143 calories per serving† (â€Å"Sodas, Soft Drinks: Classic Coca-Cola†). Cola contains Phosphoric Acid, sugar, artificial coloring, artificial sweetener, and caffeine, these unhealthy ingredients can eat tooth enamel cause diabetes, cancer, and miscarriages.† Recent headlines have raised concerns that diet sodas boost stroke risk. Diet and regular sodas have both been linked to obesity, kidney damage, and certain cancers. Regular soft drinks have been linked to elevated blood pressure† (â€Å"Sodas and Your Health: Risks Debated†). Consumers may be surprised that there are no vitamins or minerals in a soft drink. They also might be surprised in the sugar content. â€Å"Too much refined sugar in the diet is linked to many adverse health conditions. The American Heart Association tells consumers to have no more than 6 teaspoons or 24 grams (women) or 9 teaspoons or 36 grams (men) of refined sugars each day† (â€Å"Sugar in Drinks†). One coke has more than enough grams of sugar to complete the body’s sugar needs for one whole day. Cola and other sugary drinks can increase blood sugar levels. â€Å"A meta-analysis ran by Harvard University in 2010 found that regularShow MoreRelatedHow The Soft Drink Industry1396 Words   |  6 Pages In this essay, I would like to discuss the structure and the development of the Soft Drink Industry and how it manages to stay alive and profitable, over the years. The reason why I chose this topic is because I wanted to study how the Soft Drink Industry operate s from selling beverages to growing very successful. In this essay, my intentions are to inform the reader about the responsibilities a Soft Drink Industry must take to survive in the long run and also answer the questions that I have createdRead MoreFood And Non Alcoholic Beverages Industry Essay806 Words   |  4 Pageswill allow the viewer to see the definition and characteristics of the industry. For example, Soft Drink Manufacturing can be found using the NAICS code 312111 or the SIC code 2086. Under the NAICS system, Soft Drink Manufacturing is defined as, establishments manufacturing soft drinks and artificially carbonated waters. (United States Census Bureau, 2012). The SIC code 2086: Bottled and Canned Soft Drinks and Carbonated Water, is located under Division D: Manufacturing, in the sub-category MajorRead MoreCase Study : The Soft Drink Industry1258 Words   |  6 Pages The soft drink industry has been around for over 100 years and has been growing since. The reason whey there are so many brands of soft drinks are because the soft drink market is very profitable and people want to get in on it. As long as companies remain competitive, which they have been, and improve technology to reduce the cost per unit that they sell, the soft drink industry will remain profitable. According to Barbara Murray (2006c), â€Å"The sector is dominated by three major players†¦Coca-ColaRead MoreCan Soda Tax Fight Back Obesity?949 Words   |  4 Pagescauses of poor health outcomes in the United States. People define soda as carbonated beverages, or soft drinks, or fizzy drinks. A significant relationship exists between the consumption of carbonated drinks and obesity, type 2 diabetes and dental caries in the United States (Gollust et al., 52). Tax on soda is considered as a government’s intervention to regulate the consumption of these kinds of drinks. In fact, soda should be taxed in the United States because it discourages the consumption of soda Read MoreCoca Cola And South Africa Essay1419 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction to Coca-Cola: Coca-Cola is the top selling soft drink in South Africa. South Africa is the largest market in Africa of Coca-Cola, they are part of Coca-Cola Eurasia and Africa, which has a headquarters in Instanbul. Coca-Cola now has operations in more than 200 countries all over the world. Coca-Cola in South Africa currently employees over 9000 employees and has 15 facilities all over the country (Coca-Cola, 2015) In the year 1886 a doctor named John Pemberton he was a pharmacist fromRead MoreOligopoly Market of Soft Drink1662 Words   |  7 PagesREPORT ON OLIGOPOLY MARKET OF SOFT-DRINK INDUSTRY Submitted by: Priyanka (Student) Jaipuria Institute Of Management, Lucknow THE EXISTING DUOPOLY OLIGOPOLY Oligopoly is said to prevail when there are few firms or sellersRead MoreExplaining the role of suppliers in an organizations microenvironment. Discuss the impact the supplier environment might have on the marketing of soft drinks.987 Words   |  4 PagesWritten Summary Question: Explaining the role of suppliers in an organizations microenvironment. Discuss the impact the supplier environment might have on the marketing of soft drinks. Definition of suppliers: Firms and individuals that provide the resources needed by the company to produce its goods and services (lecture 3, p10). This includes materials and parts, capital items, supplies and service. (Diagram 1.4) The Role of suppliers Suppliers play a vital role in an organizations microenvironmentRead MoreWhat are the Effects of Soda on Teeth?1722 Words   |  7 Pagesthe phosphoric acid also increases teeth erosion. It can also lead to hypersensitivity in teeth. Drinking soda multiple times leads to multiple layers of sugars on your teeth that over time can cause teeth to yellow. If a person still wishes to drink soda, they should use a straw to avoid contact between the soda and teeth and rinse out their mouths afterwards. Soda can do more than just make teeth deteriorate at an above normal rate, it can also change their color and texture. Over the courseRead MoreThe Six Step Decision Making Process1157 Words   |  5 Pagesof your options and then undergo an analysis of the outcomes. This paper is going demonstrate a simulation of a the six step decision making process from the perspective a soft drink company that is evaluating the possibility of launching a new soft drink product with twenty five percent fruit juice. New Soft Drink All companies no matter their specialization must undergo the six step decision making process when launching a new product or making a decision that will impact directlyRead MoreDemand For Sports Drinks And Bottled Waters1207 Words   |  5 Pages objectives for the advertising campaign: 1. Increased demand for sports drinks and bottled waters. 2. Increase usage in Asia and Europe of carbonated soft drink. 3. Expansion in Brazil through acquisition of Brazil’s largest makers of packaged coconut drinks. ïÆ'Ëœ State campaign objectives in measurable terms and identify the nature and extent of what the advertising is to accomplish - Even though 94% of Americans drink colas, the category is was declining in terms of consumption. The declining

Essay about Early American Literature - 1044 Words

Early American Literature (1620-1820) In the first half of the 17th century the New World found two groups of people colonizing. The first group, the Puritans, had left England after years of exile due to their lack of faith in the Church of England. With the reading and understanding of the Bible almost completely laid in the hands of the preacher, the congregation was forced to believe all the words that the preacher said. This all came to an end with John Calvin. His ideas were that God likes certain people better than others and those chosen ones would get more land and more money. This idea took off with the Puritans as they seeked religious freedom, a chance to start new churches†¦show more content†¦All education was basedon religion and through that there was no questioning of God. Along with this, their faith was based of that of the super natural world. They could not see God, but saw him through thingslike a prosperous harvest or a winter blizzard, both of these in reaction to actions taken by the Puritans. With this lack of deductive reasoning the Puritans would find themselves thinking about things done wrong if there was a life threatening winter blizzard or reflect the things that were done right in the event of a bountiful harvest. In my eyes the Putians were did not just leave England in search of religious freedom, they were casually asked to leave the country and were used to colonize land that England was interested in. Much like religious cults of today, they were against major religious beliefs of the church and looked upon as radicals in their beliefs. Then, coming out, beheld a space the flame consume my dwelling place. And when I could no longer look, I blest His name that gave and took. A quote of this nature in modern day society would be followed by the thought of radical nature in the person saying it. Things may have changed as far as social acceptance goes, but I see the Puritans as outcasts of the society in England. The other group ofShow MoreRelatedEarly American Literature2012 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican Literature begins in the early 1600s with the written works of the new settlers coming from Europe to the New Land of America. Although the Indians lived in America before the first Europeans arrived; their literature was somewhat neglected due to it being transmitted orally with no written works. The American writings of the early seventeenth century possess no great artistic value; they are mainly valuable as a study in origins and understanding Americas early experience. During itsRead MoreEarly American Literature Essay1511 Words   |  7 Pagesthat the search for a native literature became a national obsession. Then with the triumph of American independence, many at the time saw this as a divine sign that America and her people were destined for greatness. Greatness came with a strong nation and thousands of poems and stories that still shape our nation. The recent revolution gre atly expressed the heart of the American people. However, it would take another fifty years of development throughout American before it produced the firstRead MoreThemes in Early American Literature Essays1568 Words   |  7 PagesThemes of Early American Literature Early American literature does a tremendous job of revealing the exact conditions and challenges that were faced by the explorers and later by the colonists of the New World. From early shipwrecks to the later years of small colonies barely surviving through dreadful winters, the literary works of the time period focus on some very recognizable themes. The theme of any given work – being simply the unifying subject or idea – is a very important element of anyRead MoreChildhood During Early American Literature1447 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood in early American literature: In the early part of American history literature played a significant role in defining on how America would be shaped and molded. For the Puritans, coming to America provided the opportunity to express their opinions and beliefs. This opportunity was what they had been striving for and finally had the chance to implement. The Puritans took full advantage of this opportunity and utilized literature to provide values and rules to be followed. The literature writtenRead MoreEarly American Children s Literature1490 Words   |  6 PagesEarly American children’s literature was intended to provide children with religious, social and moral education. Puritans were one of the first groups to create a large body of children s books, their doctrine of original sin assumed that all children were damned until they were converted to Christianity (Susina ). The Puritans believed that reading the Bible was important to achieving salvation, therefore teaching children to read was a priority for that matter. The New England Primer, An AlphabetRead MoreEssay on Values In Early American Literature1346 Words   |  6 PagesValues in Early American Literature We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with inherent and inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, says the Declaration of Independence. This phrase encompasses three major values shown throughout early American literature. The strong belief in religion, freedom, and a strong will for a better life. Each piece had one or more of these themesRead MoreIndividualism in Early American Literature Essay1099 Words   |  5 PagesEarly American literature is full of the spirit of individualism. This spirit can best be described by Emerson when he says, Good men must not obey the laws too well. This view has long been an inspiration for future generations of Americans to start some of the greatest reformations of our history. Among the literary units that show support for Emersons idea, there are three that are more powerful at conveying this spirit. The Revolutionaries, the Transcendentalists, and theRead MoreEssay Role of Religion in Early American Literature619 Words   |  3 PagesRole of Religion in Early American Literature American Literature, especially of the early settler and colonial period is marked by a deep sense of religion and a stress upon writing about matters related to religion. The development of early American literature thus can be seen to be a reflection of the religious ideals followed by the early settlers and colonists and it became a means of promoting a moral and ethical way of life. Early American literature is filled with an obvious expressionRead MoreEssay on The Role of Religion in Early American Literature1218 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Religion in Early American Literature 1) The role of religion played a major role in early American literature. Many different authors form a variety of time periods incorporate religious ideas and philosophies into their writings. A few authors from different time periods that did this were Johnathan Edwards, Anne Bradstreet, and Henry David Thoreau. Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan. Much like all the other Puritans of her time she examined her conscience daily and that theyRead MoreEvolution Of The Witch From Early American Literature1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Evolution of the Witch from Early American Literature to Contemporary Film Over time there have been many different stories and adaptations about the monster that is the witch. From one folktale, to a book, to a movie there are slight differences that make each interpretation very unique. The stereotype is, people think that witches have green skin, big noses, and that they fly on brooms with pointy hats. However, if we completely examine the different texts such as The Conjuring or The Crucible

The Role of Sight, Scent, and Sound by the White-tailed Deer

Use and relative role of sight, scent, and sound by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to locate and select between different types of foods Introduction The foraging habits of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; hereafter deer) have been extensively researched. Studies have evaluated seasonal influence as well as other environmental influences on forage selection by deer (Moen 1981, Rogers et al. 1981, McCullough 1985, and others). However, no such research has ever tested to determine what senses deer use to locate and select between different food types or the relative importance of each sense involved in that process. We are missing much of the basic knowledge of physiology and anatomy related to the sensory capabilities of deer (D’Angelo et al. 2006). Information from this type of research is becoming increasingly important to wildlife biologists, as they can use it to improve other forage selection studies aimed at reducing crop depredation or other wildlife damage. So little is known about the role of sight, smell, and sound in deer ability to locate and select between forage types, therefore quantitative in formation in this area of research needs further attention (Sayre et al. 1992). By understanding the importance of each sense in the location and selection of different food types by deer, new studies can be set up that focus on the most important sense, while also considering what effects the other senses have on their behavior. As

Response Paper Purposes Of Schooling Free Essays

string(56) " system which undermines the whole intent of its being\." In reading the articles that we have covered in category, there is one inquiry that comes to mind. Why? What is the intent of schooling and why do we analyze it? The reply to this is non really simple and it requires a organic structure of work from many different writers to seek to reply to the full. But unfortunately, this is what I seek to make with my essay in which I will compare and contrast several articles written by outstanding experts on Education such as Alfred Kohn, Philip Jackson, Patricia Carini, Barbara Rogoff, and John Dewey. We will write a custom essay sample on Response Paper : Purposes Of Schooling or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many people who frequently assume that Education is an unreal thing created for grounds that are out of our control. But through the usage of these articles and my ain pertinent experience, I seek to show that acquisition, and schooling by extension, are non at all unreal and organize a important portion of our development as worlds ; the intent of schooling is hence to assistance in our already natural procedure of acquisition and contribute to it meaningfully. Let us therefore get down by analysing each writer ‘s chief points. Carini argues that through observation we can come to see the function that instruction dramas in the lives of kids. She therefore says that kids should be, â€Å" Understood as active and open-ended, [ like ] us at any minute in our lives, and in all taken together, a complex [ image ] of weaknesss and virtuousnesss, of strengths and exposures. It seems to me that this is what makes us interesting and what makes instruction ( and non developing ) a possibility † ( Carini, 64 ) . It is of import to observe that she highlights the difference between instruction and preparation, something that most people frequently equate school to. The following writer, Rogoff, attempts to demo us how school is a natural continuance of larning that begins from birth by giving us assorted illustrations from assorted civilizations to drive the point place. She says that, â€Å" The leaning to seek propinquity to and engag ement with their seniors aids immature kids everyplace in larning about the activities of the individual who is followed † ( Rogoff, 289 ) . This quotation mark shows us how some kids learn, through engagement and engagement with other members of their household. These first two writers focus the bulk of their several articles on analysing why schools exist and how this affects the kids in it. They ponder largely upon the intents of school in general. Herein we will discourse what this means. These two writers are in kernel doing the same point while reasoning from two different points of position. Rogoff argues that schooling is the right and natural continuance of larning and although schools must accommodate to each kid ‘s method of acquisition, it however emphasizes rational development in a faster and more structured manner, as opposed to the cultural methods she references. Her chief point is besides borne out of her position that merely as kids learn through guided engagement in cultural enterprises, so excessively must this method be used when it comes to structured school acquisition. It is the most natural method of larning and creates schools that merely mimic natural procedures of larning. Therefore, schooling in her head is merely a more structured manner of traveling through the procedure of larning which already occurs of course. The statement made by Carini is that of detecting kids and seeing how they act both in and out of school, to accurately see a image of them as persons and more significantly, bookmans. Schools are hence merely a normal continuation of society for Carini, a topographic point in which kids should be watched and dealt with in a specific mode harmonizing to how they learn and develop. Consequently, it becomes clear that the point that she tries to do is that of analysing kids decently in order to see their accomplishments and aptitudes highlighted in footings of acquisition, so that they may go better persons. This so leads us to our following three writers whose articles attempt to non merely analyze the relationship that childs have with school and why schools exist, but besides the specific methods of instruction. One of the first writers who begins to analyse the function of schooling is society is Jackson who in his article efforts to analyse the schoolroom, seeing how such a great portion of our twenty-four hours as kids is spent at that place. He summarizes the chief focal point of his essay like so: â€Å" In three major ways them – as members of crowds, as possible receivers of congratulations or rebuke, and as pawns of institutional governments – pupils are confronted with facets of world that at least during their childhood are comparatively confined to the hours spent in schoolrooms. True, similar conditions are encountered in other environments † ( Jackson, 10-11 ) . The of import portion of this quotation mark is the fact that the three facets mentioned by the writer are as he said, â€Å" facets of world † . As a consequence, we can get down to see his chief point that classrooms fix the young person of our state for the existent universe. But doubtless as instruction continues, the procedure becomes more complex and thereby leads us to the following writer, Dewey. This educational expert argues that schools degenerate in a sense from topographic points where acquisition is the exclusive end to topographic points of competition and criterions. This he explains by stating that, â€Å" This mental wont which reflects the societal scene subsidiaries instruction and societal agreements to stratifications based on mean gross lower statuss and high qualities † ( Dewey, 20 ) . He shows us by extension that this is the world of school as it stands but it is non, by any stretch of the imaginativeness, the existent intent of it. This so leads us to the 3rd writer that grapples with this issue, Kohn, who besides highlights a lack in the school system which undermines the whole intent of its being. You read "Response Paper : Purposes Of Schooling" in category "Essay examples" He says: â€Å" The truth is that the job is non merely pena lties but besides wagess, non bad classs but the accent on rating per Se. Anything that gets kids to believe chiefly about their public presentation will sabotage their involvement in larning, their desire to be challenged, and finally the extent of their accomplishment † ( Kohn, 159 ) . All these points form a basic statement clear uping what the intent of instruction is, an statement that we will further analyse in the following subdivision. What do these writer ‘s theses have in common? In Jackson ‘s except we see what the writer sees as the intent of schooling but the other two writers address the subject otherwise by stressing the mistakes with the current system and how this is incongruous with what the end of instruction should be. Jackson toys with the thought that schoolrooms are a simulacrum of existent life that easy diffuses this fact to the kids through the old ages and hence helps to fix them for life. This is an idealised position of instruction because as Dewey and Kohn point out, the system has gone amiss. They point out the defects in the system and how this has changed the current educational ends and affected us negatively through the usage of extended scaling, inordinate testing, extrinsic motives, and ranking systems. What so do all these writer ‘s statements connote? The first two writers focused more on the ground why schools exists and should, while the last three writers we covered tended to concentrate more on how the educational system tallies and should be running and how this affects the pupils. For that ground, the deductions of their statements are important. They show us how school should ideally be and so portray the actuality of it and what that inspires in me, and hopefully all the readers, is disgust. We should be perfectly huffy and aghast with the current province of our educational system which has become increasing politicized and has lost its planetary border. I can talk to this as a merchandise of this really same system, which got progressively more oppress0ve and head numbing as the old ages went on. But that should non be the manner it is, because instruction is our hereafter and by altering the system into this more regulated and standardized from of its old ego, we are making more injury than good. This essay and these ar ticles should be seen as a call to action in order to change by reversal this perfectly exasperating procedure and to reform the current intent of schooling which is now an unreal creative activity. The chief statements made by these writers can sum up the intent of schooling as a natural attack to larning in a structured environment that Fosters larning, creativeness, imaginativeness, and find and does non concentrate on methods which emphasize nil but conformance to averageness. To better understand how influential this new intent of schooling would be, I must uncover a spot about myself. The fact of the affair is that I did pre-K to 1st class in Colombia and when I came to the United States, things were radically different. For starting motors, things in Colombia were every bit usual, structured for basic nucleus categories such as Writing and Math but in every other category we had a really broad scope of freedom that I could merely compare to my recent visit to Far Hills Country Day School. This private school sets itself apart from most public schools by offering a different method of larning for the pupils which includes giving them greater freedom to travel approximately and speak and interact with things in the schoolroom while still keeping subject. To be honest, I truly enjoyed watching those childs because it reminded me greatly of my schooling in Colombia which was set up in a really similar manner with a batch of cultural enrichment plans. But as a point of comparing, I can merely raise up memories from my first two old ages of schooling in the United States. Thingss were really different for me as I had grown up in a theoretical account that allowed me greater freedoms. I now had to hold a hall base on balls, and a bathroom base on balls and mark in and out of the schoolroom in my typically big 2nd class script and had assigned seats fro the whole twelvemonth and to be in categories with a really stiff construction that made me suffering for the first few months. Although it did non smother my English linguistic communication acquisition as that was indispensable for societal interaction, it did hold a negative impact on my mathematical accomplishments seeing how I was non used to this stiff system. That summer I had to even travel to summer school. Furthermore, I can state that 2nd class in the U.S was the first clip I was introduced to a system of standardised classs for the lower classs and even a system of honor axial rotation ; I was wholly alienated. Therefore, I must state that I extremely agree with the writers here who suggest that acquisition and school should be founded upon more natural and unconditioned methods of larning which allows for greater freedom and therefore a better scholastic public presentation for childs. In decision, what we have seen is how several different writers analyze what the intent and importance of school is in our modern society. And it is through the lens of their articles that I have analyzed my ain school experience and have come to hold with them in what the intent of school should be. I agree that school should non be so stiffly structured and that the intent of schooling is to mime the natural procedure in which a kid learns because this will mind better consequences. What does this imply? To take action! Our current educational system is rapidly being eroded and replaced by something that some old ages ago, writers such as George Orwell or Aldous Huxley would hold called oppressive. We must take action and battle against the current system that seeks to do school more structured, more strict, and overall, more unreal. An antithesis to what a existent instruction should be. The intent of schooling is to inform and to animate and through this essay I hope I have done nil less but to fuel your choler against the current system of incompetency and bureaucratic averageness and to do you recognize that larning and instruction is non a job ; its intent is to do you a better person. Beginnings: Carini, P. ( 2000 ) . A missive to parents and instructors on some ways of looking at and reflecting kids. In M. Himley A ; P.F. Carini ( Eds. ) , From another angle: Children ‘s strengths and school criterions, pp. 56-64. New York: Teachers College Press. Rogoff, B. ( 2003 ) The cultural nature of human development. Chapter 8 â€Å" Learning through guided engagement in human enterprises. Oxford University Press. Kohn, A. ( 1999 ) . Punished by wagess. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Pp. 142-159. Dewey, J. ( 1922/1966 ) . Individuality, equality and high quality. In J. Ratner ( Ed. ) , Education today. ( pp. 171-177 ) . New York: Macmillan. Jackson, P. W. ( 1968/1990 ) . Life in Classrooms. New York: Teachers College Press. Chapter 1 ( 3-37 ) . My ain experience. How to cite Response Paper : Purposes Of Schooling, Essay examples

Misgovernance As A Security Threat In Bangladesh - Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the case study of misgovernance as a security threat in Bangladesh? Answer: Introduction Corporate misgovernance happens when the company does not follow the rules and regulation framed by the law of the country in which it operates. Corporate governance is a very important factor in developing investors confidence so that they make an investment in the stock market. Due to corporate misgovernance, the whole capital market has a collapsed. Before understanding the concept og misgovernance it is essential to understand the governance part. Corporate governance is a system through which companies are controlled and directed. Corporate governance consists of the market and regulatory mechanism, it describes the roles and responsibilities of management, the board of directors, shareholders and the companys goal. Corporate culture started developing with the growth of industries (Barthwal-Datta, 2009). But today the subjects like the company and bank failures, insolvency, bribery, corruption , frauds like forging, accounts manipulation etc. have increased to a great extent. T he standards of todays business require acknowledged attention and analytical treatment from practitioners and financial economists. We humans have the tendency to cover everything and believe that it will not affect the future and everything will be right. Our minds have a great ability to direct itself and deceive itself through predetermined channels. Human has developed greed and his disease has grown crossing all the boundaries (Blackburn Forgues-Puccio, 2007). Profit is important, but earning profit should not become the only goal. When profit is earned through improper means then it tends to destroy wealth and helps to create poverty. Greed is one of the most important reason for creating a depression in the economic. There should exist ethics so that the economy functions correctly. Ethics should be such that they are people centred. Corporate Misgovernance To understand corporate misgovernance it is very important to first understand the meaning of corporate governance. Corporate governance means the practices, processes and rules by which the establishment is organised and directed. It involves maintaining the balance in the interests of variousstakeholderslike management, shareholders, suppliers, financiers, customers, community and the government. Apart from attaining companys objective, it also helps in planning the actions of the management, internal control, corporate disclosure and performance measurement (Craig-Wood, 2011). For a long time, Indian corporates have kept themselves away from wholesome developments. Corporate governance must protect community values of life, societal aspirations and tradition, environment and economic values. It should provide returns to the investors and shareholders like monetary return. Corporate governance should be such that it should be able to protect the fiscal values of the shareholders. C orporate Misgovernance happens when the organisation is not able to accomplish its duties. Because of increase in the conflicts and competition between the community and the shareholders corporate misgovernance occurs. With the growth of corruption in the government sectors and in the various services provided by them, it supports the business organisation and management of the business organisation to indulge in various unethical practices. The company which are state-owned occupy a very important position in the economy of the country and because they have the monopoly, they indulge in unethical activities and passes the cost of corporate misgovernance to the consumers for all the services and products provided by them. It could be seen that many of the business organisations which are privately owned indulge in corporate misgovernance. In the organisation which are state own almost all the employees indulges in corporate misgovernance, whereas in the organisation which are privat ely owned only the top management are involved in corporate misgovernance, which means that in the private organisation the employees at lower levels behave in a better way and are not a part of such illegal activities. Many of the business organisation use various illegal tactics to make more money. Pollution control, avoiding child labour are considered as ways to improve operations of the company than mere issues of good behaviour. The list of various illegal activities existing in the business organisation nowadays are mentioned below. Misusing the industries licence to avoid competitors to enter the industry. To earn more and quick profit import licence are misused. To meet investment and business expenses they hold the money abroad in an illegal manner. They give bribe to the government official to earn special advantages for their organisation. Corruption and moral bankruptcy Corruption is widespread around the globe. There exist two main causes for the existence of corruption: First reason being Greed and the second reason being the need. Needs can be catered by increasing the pay packages but greed cannot be catered by pay package and there is no end to it (Gangopadhyay, 2011). It is sad to say but it is true that moral bankruptcy and corruption exist in today business which tends to violate the business ethics. All this causes insolvencies and bank failures. The people indulge in immoral activities like smuggling, drug trafficking, corruption, manipulating the financial accounts. Corruption can be classified in two forms. The first is Democratic Corruption means making illegal payment and the second is Anarchical Corruption means bribes paid to agents to get the work done. Agents act as middle- men of the political party which are in power. Corruption is caused due to political problems. Due to increase in the level of corruption, it affects the economy of the country. Investment and entrepreneurialism are aborted, lost in many opportunities, innovations are delayed. Corruption cannot be hidden easily and it is publicly discussed, debated and examined. If an economy wants to encourage investment then it should have long- term economic goals which depend mainly on political contracts (Gibbons, 2015). Whenever any new political party comes in forces and the new minister or government overturns the previous contracts then the economy can only have short- term investments because of which economic growth will be hampered. Corruption is one of the most important reason for poor governance. Various studies show that corruption reduces public earning and increases public spending. Therefore, fiscal deficits increase and it makes it difficult for the government in running good fiscal policy. Due to moral bankruptcy and the decr ease in the value system of human being in all the countries weather be it developed countries or developing countries and the increasing tendency of the people to become rich soon they get involved into activities like forgery and scams like money laundering etc(Hsieh, 2009). Scams caused due to money laundering causes financial distress which ultimately causes financial bankruptcy. It is unfortunate but it is true that by maintaining and financing the non- performing/non- productive assets knowingly hidden in financial records causes serious problems like financial mismanagement, loan defaults, liquidity problems which ultimately causes bankruptcy. It is very sad but true that transaction in black money has become establish business practice nowadays around the globe, more pronounced in countries like developing countries. Like for example when property dealings are done like the purchase of house than the buyer are required to pay 60% of the cost of the building in black and the rest of the 40% through cheque. The amount paid by cheque is white money and that 40% is considered to be the price of the sale deed. Many research studies show that roughly 10% of the G.D.P. is black money according to the study conducted in the year 2012. There exist various illegal sources to earn money. One such illegal source is Black Income. Some of the important sources are taking bribery, smuggling, black marketing etc. Taking bribes, illegal commission and such other forms of illegal income often gets unnoticed but they generate black money in the country (Gibbons, 2015). The burdensome administrative practices encourage the practice of grease money. For example, if an individual person wants any documents from any government offices than he needs to submit a lot of documents which requires a lot of time and efforts and to save time and to get the documents easily they tends to bribe. There exist no procedure to measure the amount of black money flowing in terms of foreign and local currency. Second illegal activity is smuggling. Smuggling has got attention in recent times. A lot of products are smuggled into sea ports in an illegal manner to various countries. The various products are smuggled in order to save the payment of customs duty and they are stolen products (Kaufmann, 2004). The third consist of illegal activities like to avoid duties and fees, unregistered firms are setup. They develop factories and obtain a licence of those scarce materials which are available in the market at a premium. They also borrow funds from banks with an intention to default. For tackling these issues like black money, smuggling, corruption following steps is required. With the increase in the greed and selfishness of the public, a morality based management of business system should be developed which tends to make the ethical values important. It tends to create a long lasting relation with the business ethics which need to be followed in the financial organisation (Kidd Condron, 2007). Unless fraudulent motives and selfish management are not eradicated from the organisation or the country it is almost impossible to develop an ethical environment in the country or the organisation. Every manager should leave all the activities like money laundering, crimes, account manipulati on so that the company is able to run on ethical values and system. Theories to avoid corporate misgovernance There are four theories to explain corporate governance. Agency theory Stewardship theory Stakeholder theory Sociological theory Agency Theory Shareholders are the owner of the company and they are principal of the company. The management is selected by the shareholders directly or indirectly. Management is required to work in a way that the objective of the company is met. The principal assumes that the management that is the agent will work in the favour of the company and will help to fulfil the objective of the company (Kirk, 2006). But sometimes the objective of the management differ from that of the principal that is the shareholders which lead to agency problems. The cost that occurs due to such problems is called agency cost. Therefore, the main purpose of corporate governance is to eliminate the differences between agent and the principal and thus reduce the agency cost. The two ways to reduce agency cost is by Accurate and fair financial disclosures Independent and efficient board of directors Stewardship Theory The Stewardship theory helps to reduce the possible conflicts between owners and corporate managers. This theory assumes that basically managers are trustworthy and they attach significant value to for their personal image (Leibler, 2003). The manager whose reputation are more is given higher pay and their motive is to control behaviour. The basics of Stewardship theory is as follows The theory describes that the managers are not motivated by their own individual goals but their main motive is to serve the objectives of their principal. When given a choice to choose between pro-organisational behaviour and self- serving behaviour they tend to choose steward behaviour which means to serve in the interest of their organisation. The barrier for the adoption of stewardship behaviour is the risk tendency of the principal. The owner should assume that the managers will work in the favour of stewardship theory. Whenever the executive is not able to extend the power of the board then agency cost acts as an effective way to measure the effectiveness of the working of the agents. Stakeholder theory There is various theoretical perspective in stakeholder theory like social contract theory, property right theory, ethics related to care, fiduciary relationship ethics and so on(OAK, 2015). Though there are possibilities to develop the stakeholder theory by using this theoretical perspective but practically it is not possible to do so because it is based on the individual norms and principal. This theory is criticised often because it cannot be applied practically. Sociological theory This theory mainly focuses on the composition of the board and their implication in the distribution of wealth and power in the society (Okoye, 2006). To attain the socio-economic objective the composition of the board, financial reporting, auditing and disclosure are very important. Purpose of Corporate Governance to avoid corporate misgovernance Corporate governance is a method to govern an organisation by following policies, customs, and laws in favour of employees. Corporate governance intents in increasing the accountability of the company and help to avoid disasters. Enron is a solid example of the importance of corporate governance (Pe ari , 2015). Properly executed corporate governance is like police department which helps in eliminating problems. Principal for good corporate governance are Shareholders recognition Stakeholders interest Responsibility of board should be clearly defined Ethical behaviour Business transparency Causes for corporate Misgovernance There are various reasons for corporate Misgovernance in the business organisation in India. Limited needs, closed economy, Lack of competition, ineffective regulatory framework etc. Apart from the above- mentioned reasons which act against transparent and healthy governance, it could be seen that many organisation are run by promoters families which hold negligible share capital of the establishment. The promotors are required to increase their holding in the organisation by the new policy in force (Prywes Sobel, 2015). With the continuous changes in the economic policies, increasing competition, deregulation, delicensing, globalisation the business organisation are required to adapt itself to the new policies. During the recent period due to failure in governance, the number of scams and frauds have increased worldwide. The reason for such failures is beyond corporate misgovernance. The management of the company with the help of their auditor and board of director try to defraud shareholders, both external and internal. The increase of corporate misgovernance does not only arises due to the separation of ownership and management but it is far beyond that. The reasons being the lack of disclosures, transparency, window dressing, inequitable treatment among shareholders, preparing incorrect accounts etc. are all becoming common nowadays. Earlier the meaning of corporate governance was to respect the rules and regulation of a nation in which the company is established. But nowadays due to globalisation, a set of standards which are global needs to be followed. The various causes for corporate misgovernance are Lack of consciousness among stakeholders Government influences in the organisation are more and the power given to enterprise is less. A large amount of the shareholding in the business is from private funds. Internal owners have more power than external owners. Because of the power the managers of the company uses their power for their benefit. Due to this, investors are not given the returns they are purposed to be given(Reed, Turner McConnell, 2011). Voting powers of the external owns are not enough. Ownership is concentrated only in few hands and most of the organisations are family owned. Legal protection given to the investors are not strong which results in the concentration of power to few hands only which uses their power in wrong ways. Capital markets are not developed properly because of which inflow of capital is affected. The market transaction is mostly based on internal information which is mostly manipulative. Banking sectors are not well regulated. Foreclosure norms, bankruptcy and exit mechanisms are absent. A securities market that exists today is not sound. Due to the presence of mismanagement and corruption. Guidelines formulated by the government are not uniform. Organisation structure, ownership and impractical rules do not allow to follow the rules. Management incompetency Not following the procedures mentioned in the internal regulations. Risk management is not paid proper attention. Responsibility is not distributed properly. The internal audit procedure is inefficient. Ignorant about the signal produced by the external audit. Influencing the audit opinion of external auditor. Symptoms of corporate misgovernance Weak management- senior management are fighting among themselves and do not have proper knowledge and information to work in favour of the company. Inadequate or deficient accounting system Unsound policies Over gearing- it means that the company has over borrowed loans than they will be able to pay back. The Single big project- Depending mainly on one big project neglecting all the other small projects. Not adapting to changes Ways to reduce Corporate Misgovernance The laws, rules and regulation, customs, processes, policies affect the way the company is being controlled. Corporate governance is mostly based on the way the people are accountable for the working of the company (Sharman, 2011). Many organisation like insurance companies, banks, manufacturers, religious organisation, gas and oil firms have issues with the corporate governance. The various ways to reduce corporate misgovernance in the business organisation are as follows. Shareholders should be given equitable rights. Running the organisation or the business in the favour of the stakeholders like employees, suppliers, investors, customers, policy- makers, and local communities. Describing the responsibility of the board of directors. Reliability and ethical behaviour by the management of the company. Maintaining transparency in the accounts of the company. Abiding by the rules and regulation framed by the laws. Proper disclosures are given in the books of account of the company. Illegal activities like corruption, bribe, and black money should be avoided. Powers of the CEO and the chairmen should be separated. Both of them need to choose different pathway otherwise, there will be a situation of excessive concentration of power. There should exist no conflicts among managers and the shareholders. There should exist a strict flow of information so that true and accurate information is made available to the decision- makers. Functions and tasks should be described properly especially among the managers. When the management of the company is guided by these principals than the chances of corporate misgovernance decrease. Obligation of the company towards various stakeholders Obligation towards Society A corporation is an association of public who are part of the society and is framed by law (Skouras Christodoulakis, 2013). The activities of the organisation affect the society. So they need to work mutually so that both of them are benefitted. National Interest: The company should work in such a way that it helps in the economic development of the country. Political non-alignment: It should work to support the democratic constitution of the country and should not work in the favour of any particular political party. Legal compliance: The Company should be managed in such a way that it follow all the legal rules and regulation of the country. Rule of law: It should not work in an impractical way and should work in the favour of the minorities shareholders also. Ethical and honest conduct: All the officers, managers, directors, CEO, CFO should work with honesty, sincerity and according to the ethical morals and standards. Corporate citizenship: It should work in such a way that it helps to improve the life of the community in which it operates (Tacconi, Obidzinski, Smith, Subarudi Suramenggala, 2004). Ethical Behaviour: They should set up ethical standards to work internally as well as externally. Social concern: They should work in such a way that the air, land and water does not get polluted. Safe and healthy working environment: It should be able to provide a healthy and safe working environment. Competition: It should not use unethical ways to advertise its product. Obligation towards Investors The company has the below- mentioned obligation towards investors: Towards shareholders: The company should work in such a way that it enhances the value of shareholders. The board of directors should provide the accurate information as required by the shareholders. Transparency should be there and information should be made available when they are required to take the decision. The shareholders should participate equally towards the matter related to the company without interfering with the management decision. Financial record and reporting: The record of the company should be maintained in a fair and true ways and in accordance with the accounting laws and regulations(Yao, 2011). Material misinformation and misrepresentation should be regarded as a violation of ethical conduct and criminal or civil action should be taken against it. Obligation towards employees The management has obligation towards its workers too: Equal employment practice: Fair treatment should be given to the employees and according to their merits. Employee laws should be strictly followed. Equal opportunities- Equal opportunities should be given to all the employees despite their sex, marital status, age, religion. Humane Treatment- employee should be treated as humans first. Participation Empowerment Inclusiveness and equity Collaborative and participative environment Obligation towards customers Providing quality services and products. Making available the products at an affordable price. Committed to work towards customers satisfaction. Managerial Obligation Protecting the assets of the company Maintaining good behaviour towards government agencies. Control should be there about the activities of the management and the management should not misuse their power. The management should work in favour of the society and in its best interest. The management should not receive any gifts or donation in an illegal way. Reasons for growing demand for corporate governance and reducing corporate misgovernance Because of the failure and inadequacies in the existing system, the need for codes and norms arises. When the company wants to earn more profit they tend to neglect the accounting standards required to be followed (Yatsunyk, Bryan Brad Johnson, 2012). In the modern day corporation, the need for corporate governance arises because most of the companies are involved in accounting frauds. Due to growing awareness of the investors. Due to economic reforms that provide private investment and free enterprises. Exposures to greater foreign and domestic competition. Changes in the pattern of shareholding in the public and private sector. Shareholders or investors are playing the active role than just behaving as lenders. Due to the increase in the role of the stock exchange. Conclusion Corporate governance is a procedure which is worried about the management of the organisation, the procedures to govern them, the question which is faced by the board of directors and about the accountability of the organisation towards its shareholders. The Board of directors should find out the ways to resolve these issues. In order to have a good corporate governance in the organisation, the members of the organisation should be able to contribute to improving the performance of the company. The board of directors should ensure that all the actions performed by the organisation are legal and are not against the rules and regulation of the law. Apart from this, the board of director is also responsible to ensure that the organisation is fulfilling its socio-economic responsibility and that they are accountable towards the society also in which it exist. Maintaining corporate governance is not the sole responsibility of the government and the regulator. The shareholders, directors and the professional advisor everyone play an important role in the corporate governance system (Yao, 2011). Everyone should take an active interest in nurturing and promoting healthy corporate governance culture. A country should have a reputation for good corporate governance otherwise, the capital will follow elsewhere. The investors should be confident on the level of disclosure, reporting standards. Like if a disease is not cured on time it can become an epidemic, in the same way if corporate misgovernance is left unattended then it can cause serious damage to the economy. References Barthwal- Datta, M. (2009). 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